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Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repositorio.grial.eu/handle/123456789/34
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Item Multimedia Analysis of Spanish Female Role Models in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics(MDPI, 2021-11-15) Verdugo-Castro, S.; García-Holgado, A.; Sánchez-Gómez, M. C.; García-Peñalvo, F. J.Horizontal segregation in the higher education framework is a problem that goes up in the work environment. Women are assuming traditional gender roles due to phenomena such as the threat of stereotyping, which prevents them from opting for higher studies in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM). This research work arises within the project W-STEM, “Building the Future of Latin America: Involving Women in STEM”. The research aims to investigate women’s academic and professional development in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) through their personal experience in making career-related decisions. The research was developed by applying a qualitative method. During the year 2020, video semi-structured interviews were conducted with twenty-one women professionals in the STEM field. Of the twenty-one participants, six are linked to science, eight to technology, fifteen to engineering and one to mathematics. Due to their research lines, some of them are located in more than one STEM area, for example, in technology and engineering. These women were interviewed about their choice of studies and training, their jobs, professional achievements, family and social environment and their perspective on the gender gap in STEM. They all agree on horizontal segregation and consider it necessary to motivate girls and young women to study what they like. Furthermore, they all show passion for their workItem Mentoring for future female engineers: pilot at the Higher Polytechnic School of Zamora(IEEE, 2021-09-30) González-Rogado, A. B.; García-Holgado, A.; García-Peñalvo, F. J.The gender gap is a problem that affects all areas and regions in the world. The lack of females depends on different external and internal factors that make it a complex problem. In particular, this gap is most pronounced in engineering. Engineering and technical studies have a shortage of female vocations and a high dropout rate. In this paper, we present the pilot peer-mentoring programme, which has been carried out in the 2020-21 academic year at the University of Salamanca in the Higher Polytechnic School of Zamora. Mentoring has been given to first-year female students of engineering degrees. The implementation of the pilot programme has provided helpful information for implementing the mentoring programme from the 2021-22 academic year.Item Pilot study on university students’ opinion about STEM studies at higher education(ACM, 2020-10-21) Verdugo-Castro, S.; Sánchez-Gómez, M. C.; García-Holgado, A.; Bakieva, M.The percentages of women enrolled in higher education in the STEM sector are significantly lower than those of men. Overall, gender representation in science, technology, engineering and math-ematics degrees in Europe is not balanced. The Leaky Pipeline phe-nomenon, marked by gender stereotypes, makes the latent gender gap a relevant topic of study. Studies exist on academic performance, self-perception, self-efficacy, outcome expectations; however, study-ing gender stereotypes linked to STEM studies is also essential. It is necessary to know the social and family context in which young people have grown up, as well as their perception of such studies. To study gender stereotypes of university students about STEM studies, a questionnaire has been designed for empirical validation. For the design of the instrument, to be validated, items from other instruments have been taken and adapted to Spanish. After the design of the instrument, an online pilot study has been applied in the University of Salamanca, the University of Valencia and the Polytechnic University of Valencia. A total of 115 people answered the questionnaire. The results of the pilot study reveal that the study sample is not particularly marked by gender stereotypes about gender equality in STEM. Also, the sample is receptive to learning about science and applying it in their lives. On the other hand, the idea that women have to give up their studies and careers to look after their families and children is rejected. The idea that men are more interested in university studies than women is also rejected. At the same time, the sample is aware of the difficulties that women encounter in the STEM sector. Another optimistic point of the results is that there are no alarming data on bad experiences due to gender. In the future, the study will be replicated on a larger scale.Item The experience of women students in engineering and mathematics careers: a focus group study(IEEE, 2021-04-21) García-Holgado, A.; Verdugo-Castro, S.; Dominguez, A.; Hernández-Armenta, I.; García-Peñalvo, F. J.; Vázquez-Ingelmo, A.; Sánchez-Gómez, M. C.The gender gap is a problem that occurs in different forms in regions and countries around the world. It is a goal of large international organisations, governments, companies and other entities. Although it is not a new issue, it is important to continue studying it and seek mechanisms and strategies to attract and maintain more women in these areas. In particular, in the field of education and employment, the STEM areas present large gender gaps whose reduction would not only impact the equality of men and women but would also have an impact on the economy of the countries and on improving the economic situation of women. In this context, there are initiatives in Latin America working on this issue, but it is necessary to look more deeply into the elements that influence the decision to study careers in these areas. In this context, two focus groups have been held as roundtables with STEM women from different Latin American and European countries, to answer a series of questions centred on their motivations and decisions before and during their university studies. The results obtained have provided some inputs for defining gender equality action plans in ten Higher Education Institutions from Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, and Mexico. Furthermore, the results show similarities with previous studies involving STEM women with different Latin American profiles.Item Propuestas Europeas para Trabajar en la Brecha de Género en STEM: Un Análisis Sistemático(IEEE, 2020-10-01) García-Holgado, A.; Verdugo-Castro, S.; González-González, C. S.; Sánchez-Gómez, M. C.; García-Peñalvo, F. J.There is a critical gender gap in the STEM areas at all levels of education and the labour market. In this context, the European Union has included an increase in female participation in STEM as one of its priorities. It has funded a considerable amount of research projects, so a substantial number of institutions and organizations across Europe has worked on the same objective, but there are not an analysis of the proposals and achievements in all those research projects. This work aims to present an overview of the outputs from European research projects developed during the last five years related to the gender gap in STEMItem Gender gap perceptions of computing students: a case study in two Spanish universities(IEEE, 2020-12-03) García-Holgado, A.; González-González, C. S.; García-Peñalvo, F. J.Reducing the gender gap is one of the main challenges that society is facing. Equality, not only of women but of different gender identities, is one of the European Union's priorities, as well as of a large part of the developed countries. In particular, in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM), the gender gap is visible both in the academic and professional fields. In higher education, according to the Women in Digital Scoreboard, in Europe, only 17% of ICT specialists are women. This figure is lower in Spain, with only 16%. According to the Ministry of Education in Spain, the percentage of women in computer science studies in 2018-2019 was 12.93%. This study aims to analyze the perception of computing students concerning the gender gap in computer science studies. In particular, the study was carried out in two Spanish universities located in different regions (N=95).Item Inclusion of gender perspective in Computer Engineering careers. Elaboration of a questionnaire to assess the gender gap in Tertiary Education(IEEE, 2018-04-17) García-Holgado, A.; Mena, J.; García-Peñalvo, F. J.; González, C.Gender inequality is a global problem present in all facets of life to a greater or lesser degree. In the fields of Sciences, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, both in career and work contexts, the gender gap continues. The percentage of women who study or work in the technology sector is around 25% according to different international reports. The incorporation of gender studies in the curricula is considered one of the main actions to close the gender gap in tertiary education. Education programs should approach conceptual mismatches between gender or sex and change its foundations to guarantee equal education for any person by limiting the influence of social stereotypes and dominant culture. There are few studies that aim at describing what is the main stream viewpoints among students from research instruments previously validated. This work describes the process to elaborate a questionnaire on gender perspectives and its validation in order to describe what students of Computer Engineering careers think and what changes can be implemented accordingly in future education programs to close the gender gap.